1. George Grant Lament For A Nation Pdf Readers

Contents. Early life Curzon was the eldest son and second of eleven children of Alfred Curzon, the 4th (1831–1916), of in Derbyshire, and his wife Blanche (1837–1875), daughter of Joseph Pocklington Senhouse of Netherhall in Cumberland. He was born at, built on the site where his family, who were of ancestry, had lived since the 12th century. His mother, worn out by childbirth, died when George was 16; her husband survived her by 41 years. Neither parent exerted a major influence on Curzon's life. Scarsdale was an austere and unindulgent father who believed in the long-held family tradition that landowners should stay on their land and not go 'roaming about all over the world'.

He thus had little sympathy for those journeys across Asia between 1887 and 1895 which made his son one of the most travelled men who ever sat in a British cabinet. A more decisive presence in Curzon's childhood was that of his brutal, sadistic governess, Ellen Mary Paraman, whose tyranny in the nursery stimulated his combative qualities and encouraged the obsessional side of his nature. Paraman used to beat him, and periodically forced him to parade through the village wearing a conical hat bearing the words liar, sneak, and coward. Curzon later noted, 'No children well born and well-placed ever cried so much and so justly.'

Curzon at Eton, 1870s. He was educated at, and. At he was a favourite of, an over-intimate relationship that led to his tutor's dismissal.

While at Eton, he was a controversial figure who was liked and disliked with equal intensity by large numbers of masters and other boys. This strange talent for both attraction and repulsion stayed with him all his life: few people ever felt neutral about him. At he was President of the and Secretary of the Oxford Canning Club (a Tory political club named for ). Although he failed to achieve a in, he won the Lothian and Arnold Prizes, the latter for an essay on (about whom he confessed to having known almost nothing before commencing study, delivered as the clocks were chiming midnight on the day of the deadline). He was elected a prize fellow of in 1883. Whilst at Oxford, he was a contemporary and close friend of and. A teenage, incurred while riding, left Curzon in lifelong pain, often resulting in insomnia, and required him to wear a metal corset, contributing to an unfortunate impression of stiffness and arrogance.

While at Oxford, Curzon was the inspiration for the following, a piece of doggerel which stuck with him in later life: My name is George Nathaniel Curzon, I am a most superior person. My cheeks are pink, my hair is sleek, I dine at once a week. Early political career Curzon became Assistant Private Secretary to in 1885, and in 1886 entered as Member for in south-west.

His, which was chiefly an attack on and, was regarded in much the same way as his oratory at the: brilliant and eloquent but also presumptuous and rather too self-assured. Subsequent performances in the Commons, often dealing with Ireland or reform of the House of Lords (which he supported), received similar verdicts. He was in 1891–92 and in 1895–98.

Asian travels and writings In the meantime he had travelled around the world: and (1888–89), a long tour of (September 1889 – January 1890), and (1892), and a daring foray into and the (1894). He published several books describing central and eastern Asia and related policy issues. A bold and compulsive traveller, and geography, he was awarded the of the for his exploration of the source of the (Oxus). His journeys allowed him to study the problems of Asia and their implications for, whilst reinforcing his pride in his nation and her imperial mission. Curzon believed Russia to be the most likely threat to, Britain's most valuable colony, from the 19th century through the early 20th century. In 1879 Russia had begun construction of the along the, officially solely to enforce local control. The line starts from the city of Kzyzl Su (Krasnovodsk) (nowadays ) (on the ), travels southeast along the, through, continues along the Mountains until it reaches.

Curzon dedicated an entire chapter in his book Russia in Central Asia to discussing the perceived threat to British control of India. This railroad connected Russia with the most wealthy and influential cities in Central Asia at the time, including the Persian province of, and would allow the rapid deployment of Russian supplies and troops into the area. Curzon also believed that the resulting greater economic interdependence between Russia and Central Asia would be damaging to British interests. Persia and the Persian Question, written in 1892, has been considered Curzon's magnum opus and can be seen as a sequel to Russia in Central Asia. Curzon was commissioned by The Times to write several articles on the Persian political environment, but while there he decided to write a book on the country as whole. This two-volume work covers Persia's history and governmental structure, as well as graphics, maps and pictures (some taken by Curzon himself). Curzon was aided by General and the (RGS), both of which helped him gain access to material to which as a foreigner he would not have been entitled to have access.

General Schindler provided Curzon with information regarding Persia's geography and resources, as well as serving as an unofficial editor. The map which accompanied the volumes was the product of RGS, but was later pointed out as inaccurate (according to British officials) as it depicted the islands near the Straits of Hormuz (Sirri, Abu Musa, and the Tunbs) as belonging to the Persians.

Curzon was appalled by his government's apathy towards Persia as a valuable defensive buffer to India from Russian encroachment. Years later Curzon would lament that 'Persia has alternatively advanced and receded in the estimation of British statesmen, occupying now a position of extravagant prominence, anon one of unmerited obscurity.' First marriage (1895–1906).

Mary Victoria Leiter by, 1887 In 1895 he married, the daughter of, an American millionaire of German origin and co-founder of the Chicago department store Field & Leiter (later ). She had a long and nearly fatal illness near the end of summer 1904, from which she never really recovered. Falling ill again in July 1906, she died on the 18th of that month in her husband's arms, at the age of 36.

It was the greatest personal loss of his life. She was buried in the church at Kedleston, where Curzon designed his memorial for her, a Gothic chapel added to the north side of the nave. Although he was neither a devout nor a conventional churchman, Curzon retained a simple religious faith; in later years he sometimes said that he was not afraid of death because it would enable him to join Mary in heaven. They had three daughters during a firm and happy marriage:, who inherited her father's and was created a in her own right;, who became the first wife of politician; and ('Baba'), who married, the best friend, best man and of.

Mosley exercised a strange fascination for the Curzon women: Irene had a brief romance with him before either were married; Baba became his mistress; and Curzon's second wife, had a long affair with him. Viceroy of India (1899–1905). Curzon and, of, pose with, 1901.

In January 1899 he was appointed. He was created a as Baron Curzon of Kedleston, in the County of Derby, on his appointment. This peerage was created in the Peerage of Ireland (the last so created) so that he would be free, until his father's death, to re-enter the on his return to Britain. Reaching India shortly after the suppression of the frontier risings of 1897–98, he paid special attention to the independent tribes of the north-west frontier, inaugurated a new province called the, and pursued a policy of forceful control mingled with conciliation. The only major armed outbreak on this frontier during the period of his administration was the – campaign of 1901.

In the context of the between the British and for control of Central Asia, he held deep mistrust of Russian intentions. This led him to encourage British trade in, and he paid a visit to the in 1903. Curzon argued for an exclusive British presence in the Gulf, a policy originally proposed. The British government was already making agreements with local sheikhs/tribal leaders along the Persian Gulf coast to this end. Curzon had convinced his government to establish Britain as the unofficial protector of Kuwait with the Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899. The Lansdowne Declaration in 1903 stated that the British would counter any other European power's attempt to establish a military presence in the Gulf. Only four years later this position was abandoned and the Persian Gulf declared a neutral zone in the Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1907, prompted in part by the high economic cost of defending India from Russian advances.

At the end of 1903, Curzon sent a under, ostensibly to forestall a Russian advance. After bloody conflicts with 's poorly armed defenders, the mission penetrated to, where a treaty was signed in September 1904. No Russian presence was found in Lhasa. During his tenure, Curzon undertook the restoration of the, and expressed satisfaction that he had done so. Within India, Curzon appointed a number of commissions to inquire into education, irrigation, police and other branches of administration, on whose reports legislation was based during his second term of office as viceroy. Reappointed Governor-General in August 1904, he presided over the, which roused such bitter opposition among the people of the province that it was later revoked (1911). Indian Army Curzon also took an active interest in military matters.

In 1901, he founded the Imperial Cadet Corps, or ICC. The ICC was a corps d'elite, designed to give Indian princes and aristocrats military training, after which a few would be given officer commissions in the Indian Army. But these commissions were 'special commissions' which did not empower their holders to command any troops. Predictably, this was a major stumbling block to the ICC's success, as it caused much resentment among former cadets. Though the ICC closed in 1914, it was a crucial stage in the drive to Indianise the Indian Army's officer Corps, which was haltingly begun in 1917. Military organisation proved to be the final issue faced by Curzon in India.

This was in part a: Curzon once wrote on a document “I rise from the perusal of these papers filled with the sense of the ineptitude of my military advisers”, and once wrote to the Commander-in-Chief in India, advising him that signing himself 'Kitchener of Khartoum' took up too much time and space, which Kitchener thought petty (Curzon simply signed himself 'Curzon' as if he were an hereditary peer, although he later took to signing himself 'Curzon of Kedleston'). A difference of opinion with Kitchener, regarding the status of the military member of the council in India (who controlled army supply and logistics, which Kitchener wanted under his own control), led to a controversy in which Curzon failed to obtain the support of the home government. He resigned in August 1905 and returned to England. Main article: A major coincided with Curzon's time as viceroy in which 1 to 4.5 million people died. Large parts of India were affected and millions died, and Curzon has been criticised for allegedly having done little to fight the famine. Curzon did implement a variety of measures, including opening up famine relief works that fed between 3 and 5 million, reducing taxes and spending vast amounts of money on irrigation works.

But he also stated that 'any government which imperiled the financial position of India in the interests of prodigal philanthropy would be open to serious criticism; but any government which by indiscriminate alms-giving weakened the fibre and demoralized the self-reliance of the population, would be guilty of a public crime.' He also cut back rations that he characterized as 'dangerously high' and stiffened relief eligibility by reinstating the. Return to Britain 's refusal to recommend an earldom for Curzon in 1905 was repeated by, the Liberal Prime Minister, who formed his government the day after Curzon returned to England. In deference to the wishes of the king and the advice of his doctors, Curzon did not stand in the general election of 1906 and thus found himself excluded from public life for the first time in twenty years.

It was at this time, the nadir of his career, that he suffered the greatest personal loss of his life. Mary died in 1906 and Curzon devoted himself to private matters, including establishing a new home. After the death of in 1907, the post of Chancellor of the Oxford University fell vacant. Curzon successfully became elected as after he won by 1001 votes to 440 against Lord Rosebery.

He proved to be quite an active Chancellor – 'he threw himself so energetically into the cause of university reform that critics complained he was ruling Oxford like an Indian province.' House of Lords In 1908, Curzon was elected a for Ireland, and thus relinquished any idea of returning to the House of Commons. In 1909–10 he took an active part in opposing the Liberal government's proposal to abolish the legislative veto of the House of Lords, and in 1911 was created Baron Ravensdale, of Ravensdale in the County of Derby, with remainder (in default of heirs male) to his daughters, Viscount Scarsdale, of Scarsdale in the County of Derby, with remainder (in default of heirs male) to the heirs male of his father, and Earl Curzon of Kedleston, in the County of Derby, with the normal remainder, all in the.

He became involved with saving, from destruction. This experience strengthened his resolve for heritage protection. He was one of the sponsors of the. On 5 May 1914, he spoke out against a bill in the House of Lords that would have permitted women who already had the right to vote in local elections the right to vote for members of parliament. First World War Curzon joined the Cabinet, as, when Asquith formed in May 1915. Like other politicians (e.g., ) Curzon favoured British Empire efforts in, believing that the increase in British prestige would discourage a German-inspired Muslim revolt in India.

Curzon was a member of the Dardanelles Committee and told that body (October 1915) that the recent expedition was 'quixotic chivalry'. Early in 1916 Curzon visited Douglas Haig (newly appointed Commander-in-Chief of British forces in France) at his headquarters in France. Haig was impressed by Curzon's brains and decisiveness, considering that he had mellowed since his days as Viceroy (the then Major-General Haig had been Inspector-General of Cavalry, India, at the time) and had lost 'his old pompous ways'. Curzon served in 's small War Cabinet as from December 1916, and he also served on the War Policy Committee. With Allied victory over Germany far from certain, Curzon wrote a paper (12 May 1917) for the War Cabinet urging that Britain seize Palestine and possibly Syria. However, like other members of the War Cabinet, Curzon supported further Western Front offensives lest, with Russian commitment to the war wavering, France and Italy be tempted to make a separate peace. At the War Policy Committee (3 October 1917) Curzon objected in vain to plans to redeploy two divisions to Palestine, with a view to advancing into Syria and knocking Turkey out of the war altogether.

Curzon's commitment wavered somewhat as the losses of mounted. In the summer of 1917 the sent Haig a biting description of the members of the War Cabinet, who he said were all frightened of Lloyd George; he described Curzon as 'a gasbag'. During the crisis of February 1918 Curzon was one of the few members of the government to support Robertson, threatening in vain to resign if he were removed. Despite his continued opposition to (he had earlier headed the ), the House of Lords voted conclusively in its favour. Second marriage (1917).

Grace Elvina, second wife After a long affair with the romantic novelist, Curzon married the former in January 1917. She was the wealthy -born widow of Alfredo Huberto Duggan (died 1915), a first-generation appointed to the Argentine Legation in London in 1905. Elinor Glyn was staying with Curzon at the time of the engagement, and read about it in the morning newspapers. Grace had three children from her first marriage, two sons, and, and a daughter, Grace Lucille. Alfred and Hubert, as Curzon's step-sons, grew up within his influential circle.

Curzon had three daughters from his first marriage, but he and Grace (despite fertility-related operations and several miscarriages) did not have any children together, which put a strain on their marriage. Letters written between them in the early 1920s imply that they still lived together, and remained devoted to each other. In 1923, Curzon was passed over for the office of Prime Minister partly on the advice of, who joked that Curzon 'has lost the hope of glory but he still possesses the means of Grace'.

In 1917, Curzon bought in East Sussex, a 14th-century building that had been gutted during the. He restored it extensively, then bequeathed it to the. Foreign Secretary (1919–24). Statue of Curzon in front of the Kolkata Victoria Memorial Relations with Lloyd George Curzon did not have 's support. Curzon and Lloyd George had disliked one another since the.

The Prime Minister thought him overly pompous and self-important, and it was said that he used him as if he were using a Rolls-Royce to deliver a parcel to the station; Lloyd George said much later that Churchill treated his Ministers in a way that Lloyd George would never have treated his: 'They were all men of substance — well, except Curzon.' Multiple drafts of resignation letters written at this time were found upon Curzon's death. Despite their antagonism, the two were often in agreement on government policy.

Lloyd George needed the wealth of knowledge Curzon possessed so was both his biggest critic and, simultaneously, his largest supporter. Likewise, Curzon was grateful for the leeway he was allowed by Lloyd George when it came to handling affairs in the Middle East. Other cabinet ministers also respected his vast knowledge of Central Asia but disliked his arrogance and often blunt criticism. Believing that the Foreign Secretary should be non-partisan, he would objectively present all the information on a subject to the Cabinet, as if placing faith in his colleagues to reach the appropriate decision. Conversely, Curzon would take personally and respond aggressively to any criticism. It has been suggested that Curzon's defensiveness reflected institutional insecurity by the Foreign Office as a whole.

During the 1920s the Foreign Office was often a passive participant in decisions which were mainly reactive and dominated by the Prime Minister. The creation of the job of Colonial Secretary, the Cabinet Secretariat and the League of Nations added to the Foreign Office's insecurity. Policy under Lloyd George. After nine months as acting Secretary while Balfour was at the, Curzon was appointed Foreign Secretary in October 1919. He gave his name to the British government's proposed Soviet-Polish boundary, the of December 1919. Although during the subsequent, Poland conquered ground in the east, after, Poland was shifted westwards, leaving the border between Poland and its eastern neighbours today approximately at the Curzon Line. Curzon was largely responsible for the Peace Day ceremonies on 19 July 1919.

These included the plaster, designed by the noted British architect, for the Allied Victory parade in London. It was so successful that it was reproduced in stone, and still stands. In 1918, during World War I, as, Curzon tried to convince the Indian government to reconsider his scheme for Persia (modern Iran) to be a buffer against Russian advances. British and Indian troops were in Persia protecting the oilfields at and watching the Afghan frontier – Curzon believed that British economic and military aid, sent via India, could prop up the Persian government and make her a British client state.

However, the agreement of August 1919 was never ratified and the British government rejected the plan as Russia had the geographical advantage and the defensive benefits would not justify the high economic cost. Small British forces had twice occupied on the Caspian in 1918, while an entire British division had occupied on the Black Sea, supervising German and Turkish withdrawal. Against Curzon's wishes, but on the advice of Sir, the commander on the spot, the, who wanted to concentrate troops in Britain, Ireland, India, and Egypt, and of Churchill (Secretary of State for War), the British withdrew from Baku (the small British naval presence was also withdrawn from the Caspian Sea), at the end of August 1919 leaving only 3 battalions at Batum. In January 1920 Curzon insisted that British troops remain in Batum, against the wishes of Wilson and the Prime Minister. In February, while Curzon was on holiday, Wilson persuaded the Cabinet to allow withdrawal, but Curzon had the decision reversed on his return, although to Curzon's fury (he thought it 'abuse of authority') Wilson gave Milne permission to withdraw if he deemed it necessary.

At Cabinet on 5 May 1920 Curzon 'by a long-winded jaw' (in Wilson's description) argued for a stay in Batum. After a British garrison at (on the Persian Caspian coast) was taken prisoner by Bolshevik forces on 19 May 1920, Lloyd George finally insisted on a withdrawal from Batum early in June 1920. For the rest of 1920 Curzon, supported by (Colonial Secretary), argued that Britain should retain control of Persia. When Wilson asked (15 July 1920) to pull troops out of Persia to put down rebellion in Mesopotamia and Ireland, Lloyd George blocked the move, saying that Curzon 'would not stand it'. In the end financial retrenchment forced a British withdrawal from Persia in the spring of 1921.

Curzon helped in several Middle Eastern problems: he helped to negotiate Egyptian independence and the division of the, despite the strong disagreement he held with the policy of his predecessor Lord Balfour, and helped create the for Faisal's brother, which may also have delayed the problems there. According to, Curzon 'was the only senior figure in the British government at the time who foresaw that its policy would lead to decades of Arab–Jewish hostility'. During the, but before the introduction of martial law in December 1920, Curzon suggested the 'Indian' solution of blockading villages and imposing collective fines for attacks on the police and army. In 1921 Curzon was created Earl of Kedleston, in the County of Derby, and Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. In 1922, he was the chief negotiator for the Allies of the. Under Bonar Law Unlike many leading Conservative members of Lloyd George's Coalition Cabinet, Curzon ceased to support Lloyd George over the and had just resigned when Conservative backbenchers voted at to end the Coalition in October 1922.

Curzon was thus able to remain Foreign Secretary when formed a purely Conservative ministry. In 1922–23 Curzon had to negotiate with France after French troops to enforce the payment of German reparations; he described the French Prime Minister (and former President) as a 'horrid little man'. Curzon had expansive ambitions and was not much happier with Bonar Law, whose foreign policy was based on 'retrenchment and withdrawal', than he had been with Lloyd George.

However he provided invaluable insight on the Middle East and was instrumental in shaping British foreign policy in that region. Passed over for Prime Minister, 1923. Lord Curzon of Kedleston by, 1914. On 's retirement as Prime Minister in May 1923, Curzon was passed over for the job in favour of, despite having written Bonar Law a lengthy letter earlier in the year complaining of rumours that he was to retire in Baldwin's favour, and listing the reasons he should have the top job. This decision was taken on the private advice of leading members of the party including former Prime Minister Arthur Balfour. Balfour advised the monarch that in a democratic age it was inappropriate for the Prime Minister to be a member of the, especially when the, which had few peers, had become the main opposition party in the Commons. In private Balfour admitted that he was prejudiced against Curzon, whose character was objectionable to some.

Shared this prejudice. A letter purporting to detail the opinions of Bonar Law but actually written by Baldwin sympathisers was delivered to the King's Private Secretary, though it is unclear how much impact this had in the final outcome. Curzon, summoned by Stamfordham, travelled to London by train assuming he was to be appointed Prime Minister, and is said to have burst into tears when told the truth. He later described Baldwin as 'a man of the utmost insignificance', although he served under Baldwin and proposed him for leadership of the Conservative Party. Curzon remained Foreign Secretary under Baldwin until the government fell in January 1924.

When Baldwin formed a new government in November 1924 he appointed Curzon. The last photograph taken of Curzon on his way to attend a cabinet meeting (1925) In March 1925 Curzon suffered a severe haemorrhage of the bladder. Surgery was unsuccessful and he died in London on 20 March 1925 at the age of 66. His coffin, made from the same tree at Kedleston that had encased his first wife, Mary, was taken to and from there to his ancestral home in, where he was interred beside Mary in the family vault at on 26 March.

Upon his death the Barony, Earldom and Marquessate of Curzon of Kedleston and the Earldom of Kedleston became extinct, whilst the Viscountcy and Barony of Scarsdale were inherited by a nephew. The Barony of Ravensdale was inherited by his eldest daughter and is today held by his second daughter grandson, Daniel Nicholas Mosley, 4th Baron Ravensdale. There is now a on the house in London where Curzon lived and died, No.

1 Carlton House Terrace,. Titles On his appointment as in 1898 he was created, in the County of Derby. This title was created in the to enable him to potentially return to the, as Irish peers did not have an automatic right to sit in the. His was the last title to be created in the Peerage of Ireland.

In 1911 he was created, and. All of these titles were in the and thus precluded Curzon's return to the House of Commons, but conferred upon him the right to sit in the House of Lords. Upon his father's death in 1916, he also became 5th, in the.

The title had been created in 1761. In the, he was created and. Both titles were extinct upon his death in 1925, as he was survived by three daughters and no sons. Great Contemporaries, Winston S. Churchill. Empire, Niall Ferguson.

Philip Holden, Autobiography and Decolonization: Modernity, Masculinity, and the Nation-state (2008), p. 46.; By Alastair Lawson; 9 March 2005; BBC News. Oscar Browning (1837–1923), who had been sacked from Eton in September 1875 under suspicion of paederasty, partly because of his involvement with young George Nathaniel Curzon' in Michael Kaylor, Secreted Desires 2006 p.98. 'His intimate, indiscreet friendship with a boy in another boarding-house, G. Curzon. provoked a crisis with Headmaster Hornby.

Amid national controversy he was dismissed in 1875 on the pretext of administrative inefficiency but actually because his influence was thought to be sexually contagious' in Richard Davenport-Hines, Oscar Browning DNB. Burton, David Henry (1990). Page 22: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. Curzon, Russia in Central Asia (1967), p.

Curzon, Russia in Central Asia (1967), p., 'Curzon and Persia,' The Geographical Journal 153#3 (November 1987): 343. Curzon, Russia in Central Asia p.

Denis Wright, 'Curzon and Persia,' The Geographical Journal 153#3 (November 1987):346. Wright, 'Curzon and Persia,' pp 346–7. Brockway, Thomas P (1941).

'Britain and the Persian Bubble, 1888–1892'. The Journal of Modern History. Curzon, Persia and the Persian Question (Volume 1). New York: Barnes & Noble, 1966, p 605. 6 March 2008 at the. 21 October 1898., 'British Perceptions of the Russian Threat to India,' Modern Asian Studies 21#4 (1987): 655.

Yapp, pp 655, 664. Reid 2006, p116. Fagan, Brian (2009), Floods, Famines, and Emperors: El Nino and the Fate of Civilizations, Basic Books. 13., p. 132 Quote: 'In the later nineteenth century there was a series of disastrous crop failures in India leading not only to starvation but to epidemics. Most were regional, but the death toll could be huge.

George Grant Lament For A Nation Pdf Readers

Thus, to take only some of the worst famines for which the death rate is known, some 800,000 died in the North West Provinces, Punjab, and Rajasthan in 1837–38; perhaps 2 million in the same region in 1860–61; nearly a million in different areas in 1866–67; 4.3 million in widely spread areas in 1876–78, an additional 1.2 million in the North West Provinces and Kashmir in 1877–78; and, worst of all, over 5 million in a famine that affected a large population of India in 1896–97. In 1899–1900 more than a million were thought to have died, conditions being worse because of the shortage of food following the famines only two years earlier. Thereafter the only major loss of life through famine was in 1943 under exceptional wartime conditions.(p. 132)'.

Davis, Mike. Late Victorian Holocausts.

Pg 158.:. David Gilmour's Curzon and Ruling Caste. In Curzon he writes that 3.5 million were on famine relief, in Ruling Caste he writes it was over five million. Davis, Mike.

Late Victorian Holocausts. Pg 162. Davis, Mike. Late Victorian Holocausts.

Pg 164. The Rt. The Earl of Ronaldshay. The Life of Curszon Vol.3. Oxford DNB. 3 November 1911.

Woodward, 1998, pp113, 118–9. Woodward, 1998, p.16. Groot 1988, p.226–7.

Woodward, 1998, pp.155–7. Woodward, 1998, pp134, 159–61,. Woodward, 1998, p.200. history microsites:. Michael Foot: Aneurin Bevan. Johnson, Gaynor 'Preparing for Office: Lord Curzon as Acting Foreign Secretary, January- October 1919.'

Contemporary British History 18.3 (2004): 56. Bennett, 'Lloyd George, Curzon and the Control of British Foreign Policy 1919–22,' Australian Journal of Politics & History 45#4 (1999): 479.

Bennett, G.H. 'Lloyd George, Curzon and the Control of British Foreign Policy 1919–22'. Australian Journal of Politics & History. Sharp, Alan 'Adapting to a New World? British Foreign Policy in the 1920s.'

Contemporary British History 18.3 (2004): 76. Bennett, G.H. 'Lloyd George, Curzon and the Control of British Foreign Policy 1919–22'. Australian Journal of Politics & History. Gaynor Johnson, 'Preparing for Office: Lord Curzon as Acting Foreign Secretary, January–October 1919', Contemporary British History, vol.

18, n°3, 2004, pp. Sarah Meiklejohn Terry (1983). Princeton University Press. Jeffery 2006, pp.

Jeffery 2006, pp. 233–234, 247–251. 'The Unregarded Prophet: Lord Curzon and the Palestine Question'. Journal of Palestine Studies. 25 (3): 64. Jeffery 2006, pp. Bennett, 'Lloyd George, Curzon and the Control of British Foreign Policy 1919–22,' p.

Retrieved 13 May 2013. 'Lord Curzon: A Great Career'. The Times Digital Archive. 21 March 1925. David Gilmour, 'Curzon, George Nathaniel, Marquess Curzon of Kedleston (1859–1925)' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2011:.

Churchill, Great Contemporaries, Chapter on Curzon., p. 507. Retrieved 29 August 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2017. Bibliography Wikiquote has quotations related to: has original works written by or about: George Nathaniel Curzon's writings. Curzon, Russia in Central Asia in 1889 and the Anglo-Russian Question, (1889) Frank Cass & Co.

Ltd., London (reprinted Cass, 1967), Adamant Media Corporation; (27 February 2001) Reprint (Paperback). Curzon, Persia and the Persian Question (1892) Longmans, Green, and Co., London and New York.; facsimile reprint:. Volume 1 (Paperback) by George Nathaniel Curzon, Adamant Media Corporation; (22 October 2001).

Volume 2 (Paperback) by George Nathaniel Curzon, Adamant Media Corporation; (22 October 2001). Curzon, On The Indian Frontier, Edited with an introduction by Dhara Anjaria; (Oxford U.P. 2011) 350 pages.

Curzon, Problems of the Far East (1894; new ed., 1896) George Nathaniel Curzon Problems of the Far East. Japan -Korea – China, reprint;, (25 December 2000) Adamant Media Corporation (Paperback). Curzon, The Pamirs and the Source of the Oxus, 1897, The Royal Geographical Society. Geographical Journal 8 (1896): 97–119, 239–63. A thorough study of the region's history and people and of the British–Russian conflict of interest in Turkestan based on Curzon's travels there in 1894. Reprint (paperback): Adamant Media Corporation, (22 April 2002).

Unabridged reprint (2005): Elbiron Classics, Adamant Media Corporation; (pbk); (hardcover). Curzon, The Romanes Lecture 1907, FRONTIERS by the Right Hon Lord Curzon of Kedleston, All Souls College, Chancellor of the University, Delivered in the Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, 2 November 1907. Curzon, 'Tales of Travel. First published by Hodder & Stoughton 1923 (Century Classic Ser.) London, Century. 1989, Facsimile Reprint;; reprint with Foreword by Lady Alexandra Metcalfe, Introduction by Peter King. A selection of Curzon's travel writing including essays on Egypt, Afghanistan, Persia, Iran, India, Iraq Waterfalls, etc.

(includes the future viceroy's escapade into Afghanistan to meet the 'Iron Emir', Abdu Rahman Khan, in 1894). Curzon, Travels with a Superior Person, London, Sidgwick & Jackson. 1985, Reprint;, Hardcover, illustrated with 90 contemporary photographs most of them from Curzon's own collection (includes Greece in the Eighties, pp. 78–84; edited by Peter King; introduced by Elizabeth, Countess Longford) Secondary sources. Bennet, G. British Foreign Policy During the Curzon Period, 1919–1924. New York: St.

Martin's Press. Carrington, Michael. Officers, Gentlemen, and Murderers: Lord Curzon’s campaign against ‘collisions’ between Indians and Europeans, 1899–1905, Modern Asian Studies 47:03, May 2013, pp. 780–819. Carrington, Michael.

A PhD thesis, ' Empire and authority: Curzon, collisions, character and the Raj, 1899–1905.' , discusses a number of interesting issues raised during Curzon's Viceroyalty (available through British Library). De Groot, Gerard Douglas Haig 1861–1928 (Larkfield, Maidstone: Unwin Hyman, 1988).

Dilks, David; Curzon in India (2 volumes, 1970). Edwardes, Michael.

High Noon of Empire: India under Curzon (1965). Gilmour, David (1994). Curzon: Imperial Statesman.

Farrar, Straus & Giroux. Gilmour, David. 'Curzon, George Nathaniel, Marquess Curzon of Kedleston (1859–1925)' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004; online edn, Jan 2011 doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32680. Goudie A.

'George Nathaniel Curzon: Superior Geographer', The Geographical Journal, 146, 2 (1980): 203–209,:. Goradia, Nayana. Lord Curzon The Last of the British Moghuls (1993). Jeffery, Keith (2006). Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: A Political Soldier.

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